Decentralized Physical Infrastructure Networks Gain Traction

Decentralized Physical Infrastructure Networks (DePIN) have evolved from niche experiments to a tracked sector in the blockchain space. These systems coordinate physical infrastructure deployment through token incentives, accounting, and coordination.

The DePIN model spans multiple verticals, each with its own industry characteristics. Wireless connectivity networks, such as Helium's community-hosted infrastructure model, use token rewards to incentivize hotspot deployment and coverage delivery. Compute and GPU networks, like Render, aggregate idle compute resources for creative and AI workloads.

Decentralized storage solutions, like Filecoin, rely on verifiable storage using Proof-of-Replication and Proof-of-Spacetime. Mapping and sensor networks, such as Hivemapper, use community-powered mapping systems where contributors upload dashcam imagery to earn token rewards.

The DePIN structure follows a similar pattern across verticals: measurable service output, verification of that output, incentives tied to demand, coordination, and governance. Token rewards are used to bootstrap participation, but durable networks require paying customers.

Recent developments in the sector include research firms tracking DePIN metrics and narratives, with Solana emerging as a major host chain for DePIN activity. Helium has expanded its contribution models beyond specialized hardware through initiatives like Helium Plus, reducing deployment friction and lowering barriers for participants.